>present in a lot of realist french works
>tired of not knowing what he did
Tell me /his/, what's all the fuss about? Which of his works should I read? Recommend books dealing with his work if you find that to be the most appropriate approach
>>581903
Read none.
>>582441
Why?
Come on /his/, surely there must be someone that can help me here.
Why didn't Spain win the Eighty Years' War?
>>581806
Cause France, England, the German Mess, Mediterranean and Ottoman Empire.
>>581812
But they had much mor power and overall superiority
>>581816
Thats why managed to keep alive without fully imploding.
Normans were a meme just like vikings they descended from.
Normans were French.
>>581802
How? They founded 3 kingdoms and in England they colonized the whole English aristocracy and made it french
almost all pre-16th century european warriors are memes
Hey /his/,
when I saw that pic, I questioned myself, how that scene would play out today? Let´s say, me and my friends come across a isle noone has ever laid hands on and nobody claims it...how could we claim it for our own? Surely we would have to follow some "legal" line, and I don´t think waving around a flag and telling some nearby birds that we claim it for ourself would be enough.
I heard that "urbanizing" it would bring us a deal, is there any source on that?
>>581446
There's a famous aboriginal film about the claim over babakew plaz
>>581446
Be first on land
and if you're not
kill the locals if you're stronger than them.
Then you're "First"
What countries achieved all their irrendist claims? Which one have the best borders?
Poland, thanks to Stalin.
It's so pretty.
>thinking about studying history in college
>check their programs
>50% is national history and the rest is modern
>ancient, medieval and early modern his is barely covered in 2 courses
Why are /his/ programs so shit?
>my high school history teacher didn't know about Cyrus the great and the Persian empire
the bulk of it is looking at actual history in depth while those other 2 are crash courses for pseuds
>>581214
>tfw the Byzantine history department got axed
Soup, /his/ it's your good friends from /k/ again with our weekly horrors of war thread.
Ah, the horrors of war... Like a nice glass of lemonade and a cohiba on a hot july afternoon. We think you guys are pretty cool, so why not come join us?
>>>/k/28608738
weee
>>581213
thanks /k/, you're good mates
>>581281
We try!
>you will never grow up in 50s Los Angeles
why even live.
Hollywood and Vine 1950s
>tfw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWiBt-pqp0E
Indeed, what of it?
>>581096
When did Comedians stop being funny and are just staffed by people with tremendous insecurities?
>>581096
>that quote
But wouldn't that be the median stupidity? Significantly more than half are smarter than the average because abnormal negative deviance from the norm is more common than significant positive deviance which sway the average.
pretty possible I've switched up median and average though, been a while since it was relevant to me.
Do we only value logic because it insists upon certainty? Do we only value certainty because it
>>580697
I value various systems of logic because they can reliably be used to understand a course of actions without having to actually take place (thought) and can be used to create reliable predictions within my world view which have been useful with such a level of persistence that I place a certain amount of assumption that it will continue to maintain that level of uniform predictability with the result. The same reasons as to why I decide to drive a car at speeds fast enough that would involve, once again from that same net of beliefs in my world view, a probably prediction of death.
Basically, how I derive value from logic is from a practical sense and don't really inherently value anything. I don't really know enough about what other people generally claim to make claims for anyone else. Don't really get out so the people in my general interaction, this "we", may generally hold entirely different public views on the matter. They could be lizard people in semi decent human suits for all I pay attention to them.
What in particular does this have to do with history and humanities?
>>580729
>they can reliably be used to understand a course of actions without having to actually take place (thought) and can be used to create reliable predictions within my world view
then why can nobody prove this statement ?
>>580697
Wittgenstein argued in the Tractatus contra Frege that there can be no rules for logic, or in modern terms that language should be its own meta-language, as is indeed the case with natural languages. "And what can not be said should be passed over in silence", which is probably "Wittgenstein's mysticism" that Russell mentions. However, Russell himself was well aware of Wittgenstein's position, but suggested a hierarchy of languages instead.
>>580697
Many have argued that logic is empirical, or as you describe it, logic's "axioms are dependent on observation".
Quine, in his paper "Two Dogmas of Empiricism" questioned the analytic-synthetic distinction, and suggested that even analytic propositions were dependent on empirical evidence. Since the rules of logic were analytic propositions par excellence, they too, were ultimately dependent on empirical data, and were not absolute laws.
Birkhoff and Von Neuman proposed in the 1930s that the paradoxes of Quantum Mechanics can be explained if we abandoned classical logic and used some form of Quantum logic instead. Such a Quantum logic would change or abandon all together some of the rules of classical logic, and would be a perfect case of logical axioms arrived at by observation.
Hilary Putnam discussed this in depth in his paper "Is Logic Empirical?" Later republished as "The Logic of Quantum Mechanics.". In it he argued that, just as empirical physical results - relativity - forced us to abandon Euclidean geometry, so it is possible that the results of quantum mechanics will force us to abandon classical logic.
Although Quantum logic is still an active field of study up to the present day, it is does not get much attention from most philosophers and had been abandoned completely by physicists. Those who do study view it mainly as a mathematical tool for studying Quantum phenomena, not as some sort of fundamental logic to replace our current classical rules of logic.
Can anyone recommend any good books on 20th century Russia?
>>580658
comparative politics in eurasia
http://pastebin.com/DMm1p9Ty
the cold war
http://pastebin.com/eEbXk5kp
>>580658
Vladimir Andrle
Sheila Fitzpatrick
Simon Pirani
>>580672
Is there a full list of these somewhere?
I know they're from Oxford Bibliographies.
In 1946 strange missile-like objects soared over Sweden, now known as the Ghost Rockets. Over 2000 incidents were recorded, with 200 being confirmed via radar, this phenomena was so mysterious that certain authorities claimed that they were extraterrestrial in origin.
Though thought to be meteorites, there is little evidence that is the case.
Still today, no responsibility has been claimed nor found for these illusive rockets.
ITT: we speculate on the possibilities (terrestrial only, this isn't /x/ after all) for said sightings with our masterful command of history and knowledge of nation's capabilities.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j2klh2cTa_Q
Primer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_rockets
OK, non-X speculations:
Ruskies doing flight testing?
![1280px-Stridsvagn_103_Revinge_2013-1[1].jpg](https://i.imgur.com/Yp4DxVz.jpg "1280px-Stridsvagn 103 Revinge 2013-1[1]")
>>580408
Most likely. Either Swedish or Russian experimentation. Sweden have always had a boner for radio-controlled weapons. Pick related.
Is there an a priori understanding of God?
>a priori: knowledge that is independent of all particular experiences, as opposed to a posteriori knowledge, which derives from experience.
Is the categorical imperative insight into the inherent nature of God and the universe?
pic maybe related, if you're a gnosticist.
St. Augustine certainly thought so.
Studies of uncontacted tribes are mixed though. There seems to be widespread belief in the supernatural, but not all 'primitive' people have gods. It seems that cultures start with weird shamanistic spirit beliefs and invent gods independently through a sort of philosophical convergent evolution.
>>580244
On a cultural level, sure.
But what about on a person, individual level?
People in groups are irrational, impulsive, and reactionary. Most people like to "follow the leader."
On an individual level, however, people are much more thoughtful and intelligent.
If God does exist, there must be some proof within the universe of his existence. But perhaps his proof is not empirical
>>580235
Everyone has different definitions of God
What was counterinsurgency like before the machine gun and modern platoon organization?
>>580221
Generally far less discriminant on what was attacked. Basically, if you new insurgents were held up on a particular village, you just kill the whole village and burn it all to the ground. If you didn't kill the insurgents in the process, at the very least their supply source in that area is gone. Armies weren't exactly held to massively high standards when it came to humane treatment and such.
Three Alls Campaign, Scorched Earth etc
>>580239
>American wet dream
That literally never happened mate. CL warfare has always existed and will always exist.
>Strike hard who dares
>Shoot long who can
The odds are on the cheaper man
Why is the North African Campaign of WWII completely ignored? It seems nobody talks about it at all.
>>580218
New here, eh? Welcome to /his/.
Too many different nations were involved instead of just US/UK vs. Nazis. Too much too ignore.
because ultimately it was a sideshow
![LAatnight1950s_02_1600[1].jpg](https://i.imgur.com/ElGxYLV.jpg "LAatnight1950s 02 1600[1]")
![4351697041_62ac36604e[1].jpg](https://i.imgur.com/faiE5Bu.jpg "4351697041 62ac36604e[1]")
![©Ralph-Crane[1].jpg](https://i.imgur.com/WZHcl6e.jpg "©Ralph-Crane[1]")
