Are there any valid counter-arguments to determinism that are not simply whining from people who want to have free will?
Universe tells us localism is wrong for the last 50 years.
>>1009021
Well there's evidence that some quantum events are truly random, that is, not determined in advance.
But that hardly proves free will. Instead of your will being controlled by an inevitable chain of causality, your will is being controlled by a chain of causality with several random elements.
Same difference.
>>1009051
>truly random
Could they not just follow a pattern we don't understand?
New Guinea is considered one of cradles of civilization, considering it's one of the few places where agriculture was independently developed. The others are: the Fertile Crescent, the Great Chinese plain, Mesoamerica, Indus Valley and Central Andes.
Why therefore New Guinean populations failed to develop a complex society akin to that of all other centers of agriculture? Why New Guinean farmers failed to overwhelm all those hunter-gatherers even on their own island?
taro isn't productive enough for massive cities, also disease in the tropics, also the land hunter gatherers were on was worthless for agriculture
>>1009422
Didn't the hawaiins do better though they also used taro
I was gonna suggest it could be genetic intelligence but both groups are around 80
>>1011239
Genetics between human beings are phenotypical faggot. Separation of 100k years would be required at a mean if genotypes were to be differentiated.
Idiots like you are the shit the scientific method was invented to combat. Don't let the greatest mental software debugger in the history of humanity go the way of Logic just because you hate people of a different color from you.
hitler doesn't shoot himself, instead he gets captured.
what happens? what kind of trial would they have for him?
>>1008764
>what happens? what kind of trial would they have for him?
they kill him.
a fast one.
>>1008764
He'd get executed. duh
A more interesting question:
Hitler doesn't shoot himself, instead he gets frozen in carbonite and thawed 500 years later by the fascist world government, who put on a Comedy Central Roast of Hitler.
What happens?
>>1008764
A very public trial that ends with him being publicly hanged.
Unless of course the Soviets who get to him first choose to take him in a live and torture him to death for a very long time, all while telling the rest of the world that he died and was burned to ash in the process.
>North Korea
>is south of China
>Afghan
>Someone from Afghanistan
Acceptable
>Kazakh
>Someone from Kazakhstan
Acceptable
>Paki
>Someone from Pakistan
Somehow an ethnic slur
>>1008685
Also see Nip
>>1008617
Wouldn't call this South of China.
Is history the story of mankind slowly perfecting itself?
>>1008518
Nope. It's the unrelenting tale of how every effort at creating Utopia ends in genocide.
>>1008518
History is stuff that happened that got written down.
This guy walks up to you and says "Reason is altogether inadequate as a source of knowledge."
How do you respond?
>much dick muhfuggah BIX NOOD!
>>1008433
s-sorry Hume
Tell him it is merely his own reason that is inadequate.
Why was there such a marked difference in style/quality between Roman art (sculpture, painting, mosaics, etc.) and later Eastern Roman (Byzantine) art?
The change is very obvious: Roman art is naturalistic and requires a great deal of technical proficiency, whereas Byzantine art devolves into stylistic child-like drawings, and sculpture never makes a comeback in the Empire. I've heard the arguments that the rise of Christianity is what destroyed the Classical sculpting tradition, but what explains the devolution of painting and mosaic-art? Even the few sculptures (mostly carvings) we have from the Byzantine Empire are quite crude when compared to Roman carvings. Was the technology/technical expertise lost?
No clue, but the exact same thing happened in the West as well. Medieval art generally looks like a retard drew it.
>>1008107
The trend had begun during the Roman Empire:
>The figures are stout and blocky, far from the verisimilitude or the idealism of earlier Greco-Roman art. The figures are stiff and rigid, the attire being patterned and stylized. Their faces are repetitive and they seem to stare in a kind of trance. Comparing them to the slightly later reliefs on the Arch of Constantine in Rome, Ernst Kitzinger finds the same "stubby proportions, angular movements, an ordering of parts through symmetry and repetition and a rendering of features and drapery folds through incisions rather than modelling". Noting other examples, he continues "The hallmark of the style wherever it appears consists of an emphatic hardness, heaviness and angularity — in short, an almost complete rejection of the classical tradition".[3]
>The question of how to account for what may seem a decline in both style and execution in Late Antique art has generated a vast amount of discussion. Factors introduced into the discussion include: a breakdown of the transmission in artistic skills due to the political and economic disruption of the Crisis of the Third Century,[4] influence from Eastern and other pre-classical regional styles from around the Empire (a view promoted by Josef Strzygowski (1862–1941), and now mostly discounted),[5] the emergence into high-status public art of a simpler "popular" or "Italic" style that had been used by the less wealthy throughout the reign of Greek models, an active ideological turning against what classical styles had come to represent, and a deliberate preference for seeing the world simply and exploiting the expressive possibilities that a simpler style gave.[6] One factor that cannot be responsible, as the date and origin of the Portrait of the Four Tetrarchs show, is the rise of Christianity to official support, as the changes predated that.[7] This shift in artistic style points towards the style of the Middle Ages.[8]
>>1008107
It really is bad. My friend is a proffessional artist and he said something to the effect "Roman art is inspiring. Dark Age art is worst than Jim Davis."
I think part of it might have been Christianity. At this time period the accepted theology emphasized man's weakness, frailty, and failures. Everyone was born with original sin, people were told pain and suffering is everyone and it's because of man's evil (ie you became sick because God is punishing you, everything bad that ever happened is because of man). This demoralizes artists and makes them shun greatness.
tfw you'll never have this much fun with your cousin.
>tfw you'll never play soldier like these two
>>1007964
how close were they to avoid the slaughter?
/gsg/ plz leave
would have been better for Russia?
Trotsky
>trots unironically don't know that that's kalinin in the picture
you guys sure understand you're own ideology
>>1007921
Ah ok I didn't know that.
Let's just pretend that's who it is for the sake of this question.
ITT: Overrated shit
>>1007926
This x1000
So i understand that God manifests himself through angels and the universe,
but what about demons? Why does God use them to misguide us?
>>1007632
Because Adam touched himself at night.
>>1007639
Correction, he ate from the tree of life and got us all fucked, if it was just Eve who ate it it would've been okay, God could've just made another companion.
>>1007659
I thought eve was the one eating from the fruit of knowledge
Seriously, I fucking hate my Engineering degree, and want to change. I'm fairly sure I chose it because during high-school I had this autistic romanticized view of it as if I was gonna become Frank Whittle 2.0 or something.
But I know the job security for arts graduates is unreliable as fuck, but I refuse to do a 5 year degree that I hate and will probably land me a career that will make me an hero myself.
Advice /his/? I've been looking into philosophy majors. Also considering it as way to post-grad law or something. I'm 19 btw.
Finish your engineering degree and in a few decades when you're managing other engineers or owning your own company, you can come back and shitpost about Rome with us
>>1007547
You would have to be retarded to drop engineering for something like arts.
Unless you want to be a hobo ofcourse.
Depends on where you are, OP, and ultimately what your specialisation is and what you want out of your degree
Arts jobs prospects are actually really quite good despite the memes
Hey, his.
>holy
>roman
>empire
I know right? Either way... Whats a good book about Frederick Barbarossa's life?
>>1007518
guys
pls
respond
Dude this is like the 3rd time you made this thread. If you didn't get an answer by now maybe it's time to just hit Google and find something yourself.
>get
>a
>job
How much was the freethought movement and the Age of Enlightenment influenced by freemasonry? Some say that freemasonry played a huge role, but is there any actual evidence to back this up?
The Craft's fundamental tenet; a brotherhood of good men bound together by brotherly love, relief (charity) and truth. Principles that should be entirely uncontroversial to all who purport to be religious and/or of the Christian faith.
Catholic Church's hysterical, ill-informed and spite-filled treatment of the Craft, over the centuries, not to mention, of course, the Church-sanctioned and Church-lead murders of many Freemasons,
>>1007525
Yea... Freemasonry is almost a religion and it's influenced by protestant and occult ideas.
Which is why the Catholic church deemed dangerous and heretical.
Were the nuremberg trials legit or just a show trial
Every trial is show trial.
For Nuremberg trials to be legit, they should have put Stalin, Arthur Harris and Truman on the stand, but of course they didn't.
legit ofcourse
go back to pol polfags
