Modern Christians tend to view God as some sort abstract sustainer of reality and the biblical tales to be completely allegorical.
But is this what the original authors intended or is it more influenced by Hellenic and Enlightenment philosophy? Or even a need to keep compatible with modern science?
There's evidence that the earliest Jews were henotheistic and literally did view God as a man sitting in the clouds, he was often depicted riding clouds and had the epithet "cloud rider".
Even people like Augustine who Christians often quote as an example of early Christians against biblical literalism still believed in the creation of Adam and Eve, that the flood literally happened, and Noah's Ark was real.
Are Christians justified in changing their views or is it just an attempt to keep their religion from being obsolete?
>Are Christians justified in changing their views or is it just an attempt to keep their religion from being obsolete?
If you're consciously modifying your religion to make it sound less absurd, then you've already admitted defeat. You might as well just call yourself a deist at that point and declare that you follow a certain moral code because you believe that's the way things ought to be.
Obviously Christians do not want to do this because (on an individual level) it would wound their pride and possibly cause some a crisis of faith. On a greater scale it would destroy the church as a whole, which would mean massive losses of money and power for everyone involved.
>>1063676
>Modern Christians tend to view God as some sort abstract sustainer of reality and the biblical tales to be completely allegorical.
Are you sure about that? Such a view seems to be confined to academics or universalists
>>1063723
Well, I see people here constantly posting stuff like this.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zMf_8hkCdc
What is the most honorable clan and why is it shimazu?
>first shoguns
>minamoto bloodline
>defeated the mongols
>fought very well in the sengoku jidai
>commited to honor in the battle of sekigahara after an ishida messanger disrespected the shimazu
>lead the imperial forces in the boshin war
How do other families even compete?
And this was there sword style of choice
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnLNExI_uK4
My history of East Asia teacher's surname is Shimazu. Do you think there is any chance she belongs to said clan?
>>1063241
You should first check out how the name is written in Japanese.
Sometimes names are spoken in the same way but written with different kanji.
I too had a Japanese friend back in college whose surname was Oda but his name was not written the same way as that of the legendary war lord (although he always used to say his grandmother was related to an actual Japanese princess or something).
Then look for ancestry and family tree. A lot of famous family trees can still be traced today, and many of the most important branches are well known to public.
Pic related would be the current Shogun should the Tokugawa restaure their domain.
How long after the fall of the Roman Empire did it take for technology in Europe to catch back up?
Obviously this is a complex question with various answers depending on the type of technology and the place in Europe. Any contribution is welcome.
>>1062979
In Italy, about 800 years. In Greece, well, it never was lost.
>It's a "MEDIEVAL DARK AGES, AMIRITE?" thread
>>1062979
When did barrel roofed churches start being made? Around that time.
How much would the Late Roman (or just Roman) auxilia resemble their native warriors? How much would they resemble the Roman regulars? Would it change as the roles change (auxilia palatina, cavalry/infantry, etc.)?
The Late Roman army was essentially Germanicized, that's why their using round shields, wearing trousers (which the earlier Romans thought were effeminate), and weilding spears.
>>1062853
>dudes in skirts thought lederhosen is effeminate
please tell us moar
what was the logic behind it?
>>1062871
Roman balls were free flowing and could grow unimpeded.
German balls were confided and smushed together
Was Philip II really King of England or was he just king consort?
The marriage treaty made it clear that neither him nor don carlos had claim, and that he was only ceremonial. He had no power over privy council or paliament.
However, he did have a council of state. It is unknown how much power he really had under the table, but officially he had little power.
Wikipedia doesn't mention that he was consort, does it mean he was the real king?
>>1062809
He was king, but he had no real power
>An Englishman, for instance, thinks it a deadly insult to be told that he is no gentleman, or, still worse, that he is a liar; a Frenchman has the same feeling if you call him a coward, and a German if you say he is stupid.
What insult would Schopenhauer put on par with modern americans? Do the insults he relates to england, france, and Germany still apply in their own unique way?
>>1062691
...An American if you tell him it cannot be supersized.
Today? Easy.
>That they're racist.
>>1062980
*a swede
Americans run too dissimilar for being called a racist to buy their insult.
Why have all attempts to create utopias inevitably failed, and almost always resulted in backlashes that were worse than the state of affairs before the utopian experiment started? I have trouble believing that as a species, we're we're that bad at putting our ideas into practice. I mean hell, we've done it countless times before, when it comes to physical inventions or even model forms of social organization.
So why is it so hard to eliminate things like jealousy, stupidity, prudishness, restraint, reactionary impulses, shame, and the like? Why can't Donatien Alphonse François's vision be realized?
>>1062682
>Why have all attempts to create utopias inevitably failed, and almost always resulted in backlashes that were worse than the state of affairs before the utopian experiment started?
Like?
>>1062695
The paris commune springs rather readily to mind.
I would guess that it's because when any society is widely considered to be "failing" then violence and instability tends to result. A utopia is by definition a perfect or near-perfect society, so it's much easier for it to reach a stage of affairs where everyone considers it to be going down the tubes.
Consider our current society: there's no pretence that it's some perfect utopia, so when we learn about x example of it being imperfect we don't freak out and start talking about revolution, because we expect there to be a certain level of imperfection. Things would have to get really bad before large numbers of people started trying to tear the whole thing down. If you live in a "utopia", you're being sold the idea the it IS a perfect society, so when that turns out not to be the case people get very upset.
This is so fucking cool, sometimes I wish I lived in Europe just so I can find ancient stuff like this. Have you ever found your own roman coins, euroanons?
>Some 800 pounds of bronze Roman coins dating to the 4th century A.D. have been unearthed by construction workers digging ditches in Spain. The find, in 19 amphora — storage containers — is unique not only because of the volume of coins but because the coins appear to have never been in circulation, making them almost pristine by comparison with other discoveries.
>Workers in the city of Tomares, in Andalusia, were working on installing a water line to a park in the city of 24,000, according to the Spanish newspaper El País, when they noticed irregular terrain inside a ditch about a meter below ground level. Some of the containers were broken, with the coins spilling out of them, while others were intact. They show an emperor on one side and Roman allegories on the other, researchers told reporters. Experts are speculating that the coins were meant to pay taxes or support legions of the Roman armies in Spain at the time.
>Ana Navarro, head of Seville’s Archeology Museum, offered no precise estimate for the value of the haul, saying only that the coins were worth “certainly several million euros.” The Romans invaded the Iberian Peninsula in 206 B.C. and stayed for about 700 years, turning Andalusia into one of the empire’s richest colonies.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/04/29/construction-workers-in-spain-unearth-huge-trove-of-ancient-roman-coins/
>>1062605
LOADSAMONEY
SPANIARDS GONNA WOP THEIR WADS
How often do Yuropers find bits of roman remains lying around? Does it ever get annoying having to deal with all the stuff the Romans left behind
>>1062605
So is it some freshly minted taxes that never got paid or something?
>>1062605
This is so weird. Giant jars filled to the brim with cash just left undisturbed and uncollected. How did the Roman Empire just forget it was due a payment from a particular province?
What would you guys recommend as essential books on history? General history books would be nice, but really anything you consider to be essential is cool.
>>1062594
read zizek
What kept Sisyphus from just saying "fuck that, I'm not rolling that stone anymore, I'll just sit down and do nothing for eternity"
>>1062463
Autism.
>>1062463
he was happy
>>1062463
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Myth_of_Sisyphus
>you'll never make russians butthurt by invading kurils and sakhalin
>you'll never rape korean comfort women
>you'll never march over machuria to the sound of taiko drums
>you'll never kick ABCD powers in the balls and establish eastern asian co prosperity sphere
>you'll never massacre chinks in nanking
>you'll never ride the waves on the IJN's yamato class
>you'll never cuck the US fleet at pear harbor
>you'll never charge with your bayonet arisaka against whitu piggu in guadalancal while screaming "TENNO HEIKA BANZAI"
>you'll never plant the IJN's flag across countless territorries in east asia and pacific
>you'll never see your best friend die in a kamikaze attack against gaijin fleet
>you'll never have your right hand blow up because bullet explode inside poorly designed nambu barrel
>you'll never die in a nuclear explosion
why live /his/
>>1062374
>>you'll never have your right hand blow up because bullet explode inside poorly designed nambu barrel
Do any of you guys know what Japanese soldiers did to avoid this problem? Like in-field solutions.
>you'll never be the last desperately forced shred of embarrassingly bitter masculinity in your country before it is made into the west's cute little oriental bitch.
>>1062407
>little
At the risk of sounding like a weeb, Japan does contribute a hell of a lot to the world today.
Yes, the IRA.
Maybe Gaelic-Norman, But actual Irish i'm not sure to be honest, the Irish were far more concerned fighting each other than to care what the Muslims and the mainland European Christians were up to. Although there certainly would have been many Irish mercenaries working for both the Europeans and Muslims.
The Irish Kingdoms didn't really have sufficiently sophisticated apparatus of state to organise crusades. Plus the Normans were a much more immediate concern than some dune coons half a world away.
There were individual Irish crusaders. I remember reading about one in Daniel Ross's History of Ireland. Art Ó Ruairc or something.
So, the Irish Kingdoms didn't crusade, but yes there were Irish crusaders.
![13062953_10154096683119761_7307765019164696852_o[1].jpg](https://i.imgur.com/J4OuF4K.jpg "13062953 10154096683119761 7307765019164696852 o[1]")
So this I found quite interesting.
A reconstructed, much more form-fitted mail than the baggy chainmail we're used to from movies, reenactment and such. This looks a lot more like the type of mail we see in paintings from the era, with the relatively tight coif and tight enough structure for muscles to actually be visible through the chains.
Looks like it might restrict movement a lot?
![13071996_10154096683244761_4023156638702502715_o[1].jpg](https://i.imgur.com/Wb12L8z.jpg "13071996 10154096683244761 4023156638702502715 o[1]")
This is with very little padding below the mail, one layer of wool and one layer of linen. A gambeson or similar can be worn over the mail to increase padding.
![13041026_10154096685519761_288018277705148092_o[1].jpg](https://i.imgur.com/4cKUV0O.jpg "13041026 10154096685519761 288018277705148092 o[1]")
>>1062248
Chain is more nimble than you'd think.
This is him in a position that is pretty demanding for the arm and armpit.
Was it witchcraft?
>>1062225
inb4 voltaireposting
>Germans being autistic
Gee, I sure didn't expect that.
>then part of the...
What are the worst most inaccurate things you have heard someone say about history that wasn't a joke?
I've heard this one yesterday.
"Americans attacked japs with incest gas during ww2 so jap soldiers started having sex with each other and did lost the war"
>>1062197
And this happened in a class in a law school.
