what the fuck was his problem
>>1268826
Lebanese and Armenians
>>1268826
I have a hypothesis:
The Ottomans wanted a homogeneous society.
>>1268844
why did he hate armenians and lebanese
Why was Agincourt such a train wreck?
England wanted to play civilized and take prisoners, France wanted to regroup and attack again like any other warmongerer of that period.
The prisoners were still on the battlefield, surrounded by fallen soldiers with swords and shit. If the French advanced again and even made a moderate dent against the English, the massive amount of prisoners could have just charged out towards weapons and fought back, even with the casualties it would have caused.
In the interest of safety, England needed to remove snails from the battlefield.
>>1268326
Daffyd Gam is the man 4 lyfe
>>1268348
Fergot
>Through the experiences of a relative who passed up the opportunity for vengeance and lived to regret it, I came to appreciate the terrible personal price that law-abiding citizens pay for leaving vengeance to the state. The relative was my late father-in-law, Jozef Nabel. As a result of being born Jewish in Poland in 1913, he witnessed during the Second World War the worst cruelties that modern state societies have invented.
>In the summer of 1945, after Germany’s surrender, Jozef, while still on active duty in that Polish division of the Red Army, requested and received his commander’s permission to take an armed platoon of fellow-soldiers to his village of Klaj, in order finally to be reunited with his family or else to discover their fate.
>On reaching Klaj, Jozef quickly learned that, in 1942, his father, trusting in human goodness and proudly insisting that his family did not stoop to hiding, was arrested by the Gestapo and loaded with other captives onto a transport train to a concentration camp, never to be heard of again. People considered unfit for labor were taken into a nearby field, shot, and buried in mass graves. Because Jozef’s father was in his sixties at the time of his arrest, the Klaj villagers assumed that that had been his fate.
>The villagers of Klaj also told Jozef that his mother, his sister, and his niece had managed to go into hiding with the family’s Catholic housekeeper in another village, several kilometres distant. Jozef and his platoon marched to that village, but the villagers there were more evasive than those in Klaj, and at first no one would say what had happened. But Jozef and his men had guns, and the villagers didn’t, and eventually someone told him the story.
>It turned out that the three women had succeeded in remaining hidden for about two years, until October, 1944, when an armed gang heard rumors of Jews hidden in the house. Assuming that all Jews had gold and money, the gang went to the house and demanded that the women turn over what they had, but they had nothing. The gang members then shot the three women. The villagers took Jozef to a site in the woods and pointed out shallow graves in which lay the remains of three bodies. By this time, a year after the killings, the bodies were unrecognizable, but clothing and hair identified them as the remains of his mother, his sister, and his niece.
>Jozef demanded that the villagers bring him the man who had led the gang of killers. Initially, they refused or professed ignorance. At that point, Jozef and his men rounded them all up and he told them, “If you don’t bring me the man within one hour, I will shoot every fourth person among you.” From the expression on Jozef’s face, the villagers saw that he meant it, and they brought him the man. Finally, Jozef stood face to face with the killer of his mother, sister, and niece, his gun loaded.
>But he found himself hesitating to shoot. His comrades understood his hesitation, and they told Jozef that he should leave the killer with them and they would shoot him. However, Jozef kept hearing in his mind the words “I’ve seen enough of people killing, and behaving like animals. I’ve done enough killing myself. This man behaved like an animal, but I don’t want to become an animal myself by shooting him.”
>One of Jozef’s closest friends in the platoon suggested that they could count on the new Polish government to administer justice, and that they should turn the man over to the police, so that he could be tried and punished. So it was that Jozef lowered his gun and brought the murderer to the police. He arranged for the remains of his mother, sister, and niece to be reburied in Kraków. The police imprisoned the murderer, investigated—and then, after about a year, released him. He was never punished beyond that relatively brief imprisonment.
>Jozef met and married a woman (my future mother-in-law) who was also a concentration-camp survivor, and, in 1948, they moved to Los Angeles. One day, he took out a sheaf of photographs and showed Marie a picture of three shallow excavations in a forest: the photo that he had taken of the graves of his mother, sister, and niece. Then, for the first time, he told Marie the story of how he discovered what had happened to them, and of his release of their killer. Once, when he was about ninety years old, he recounted the story to Marie and me together.
>On other occasions, he admitted to Marie, “Every day, still, before going to sleep, I think of my mother’s death, and of my having let her murderer go.” Until his own death, nearly sixty years after the murders of his parents and his release of his mother’s killer, Jozef remained tormented by regret and guilt—guilt that he had not been able to protect his parents, and regret that he had failed in his responsibility to take vengeance.
>We regularly ignore the fact that the thirst for vengeance is among the strongest of human emotions. It ranks with love, anger, grief, and fear, about which we talk incessantly. Modern state societies permit and encourage us to express our love, anger, grief, and fear, but not our thirst for vengeance. We grow up being taught that such feelings are primitive, something to be ashamed of and to transcend.
>>1268238
I've already resigned myself to the fact that if somebody harms my immediate family I'm absolutely killing the one responsible.
I'm not being fedora or anything, it's just what I would do. During my fedora/college phase I thought long and hard about it and thought I would let the person go. Now that I'm more mature I know I wouldnt. I simply can't abide the alternative, no matter what consequences I would face.
So /his/, I'm currently writing a thesis on British culture. Specifically, why it is dying.
What are your thoughts? Do you agree?
Pic mostly unrelated
Culture in Britain isn't dying since the population there isn't dying.
British culture as in culture that is unique to Britain is dying, if it is, because of increased communications and population exchanges with the rest of the world.
I'm kicking down open doors and you can't stop me.
>>1268209
It is dying because the Eternal Anglo cannot fucking hack the banter.
The only relevant remnant of English culture recognized internationally is the English language, which is now near universal that it's land of origin is irrelevant. Plus British History is only mixed in heavily with overall European history so it's own specific history isn't that siginificant in the grand scheme of things.
ITT: ancientfus
Which way should we chose? More bottom-up or more top-down?
The fight continues. Keynes and Hayek, Second Round
It's time to weigh in. More from the top or from the ground?
Let's listen to the greats, Keynes and Hayek throwin' down
GREATEST ANIME FIGHT OF THE CENTURY!!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GTQnarzmTOc
they're both shit t b h
Catch the prequel here
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0nERTFo-Sk
C + I +G ALL TOGETHER GETS TO Y
>>1267961
Hayek.
Can't argue with tits bro.
If I poke that eye would he die?
It would be incredibly painful
>>1267618
It would be incredibly painful
>>1267905
He's a big guy.
Why were people in the past less afraid to die?
Well most of them didn't have time to think about it too much. They also were told by people in power that it's 100% true that afterlife exists.
When people was thinking about it, they could be very scared as emperor Qin and his search for elixir of life.
>>1267578
yes because religion
>>1267578
Because death was much more common. Out of your brothers and sisters, chances were half of them would die. Your parents would die in their 30s.
I actually kind of regret that. People weren't pussies.
The Indonesian killings of 1965–1966 (sometimes referred to as the Indonesian Massacres or Indonesian Genocide[1]) were large-scale killings which occurred in Indonesia over many months, targeting communists, ethnic Chinese and alleged leftists, often at the instigation of the armed forces and government. Initially it began as an anti-communist purge following a controversial coup by the army (30 September Movement) in Indonesia. The most widely accepted estimates are that between 500,000 to one million people were killed, with some estimates as high as two to three million.[2][3][4] The purge was a pivotal event in the transition to the "New Order" and the elimination of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) as a political force. The upheavals led to the downfall of President Sukarno and the commencement of Suharto's three-decade dictatorship.
Despite a consensus at the highest levels of the American and British governments that it would be necessary "to liquidate Sukarno," as related in a CIA memorandum from 1962,[5] and the existence of extensive contacts between anti-communist army officers and the US military establishment (including the training of over 1,200 officers, "including senior military figures," by the US military, and also providing weapons and economic assistance[6][7]), the CIA denies active involvement in the killings. It was later revealed that the American government provided extensive lists of communists to Indonesian death squads.[8][9][10][11][12] A top-secret CIA report stated that the massacres "rank as one of the worst mass murders of the 20th century, along with the Soviet purges of the 1930s, the Nazi mass murders during the Second World War, and the Maoist bloodbath of the early 1950s."[13]
>>1267404
Wew
The documentary "The Act of Killing" goes into this topic a fair bit
>>1267404
I saw a talk about this. Apparently it was one of the most systematically thorough mass murders in recent history. It's something like three out of five of their target groups were killed, tho. the least conservative estimates put it as high as ten out of eleven. It's one of those touchy subjects that pro-American scholars really, really don't like to talk about, because the USA endorsed it, funded much of it, and carried out air-to-ground strikes during it. So when the neocons are having their daily circlejerk threads and you say "Indonesian purge" they're all "nah bruh never heard of it, obviously a Maoist conspiracy made up to tarnish our glorious nation's reputation."
What are your honest thoughts on this man?
No opinion.
>>1267340
Comletely destroyed his country and continent because he got some psychological issues
https://www.buzzfeed.com/juliapugachevsky/jewel-encrusted-martyr-skeletons-thatll-blow-your-mind?utm_term=.clKQeglqDN#.yt5PVw5Ygo
The ambiguity (often blatant) of idolatry and visual representations were hilarious and fascinating. Those mummies of Christian martyrs decorated with rich Christian jewelry and symbols, and be put on display (on a church or something). At one glance it looked like it's a blasphemy for the dead (instead of just bury them or something). Looking another way it's a sick ironic humor.
Anyway, do Christians really believe literally on the 'resurrection of the body' thing? Like, the skeletons rise, get another flesh, or something like that?
>>1267178
that skeleton is right in giving you the finger
>>1267178
>Anyway, do Christians really believe literally on the 'resurrection of the body' thing? Like, the skeletons rise, get another flesh, or something like that?
Mostly yes, they don't tend to give it much thought tho because it's such a ridiculous doctrine, especially the whole "you get judged twice" part.
But these jeweled skeletons are from a very specific period of European history (primarily the calamitous 14th century), where death by plague was an everyday occurrence and images of death became omnipresent in art.
>>1267192
Sounds practical. The common people saw them as some kind of motivational art, then?
Is Haile Selassie the greatest black leader to ever have lived?
>>1267120
No - Hannibal was.
>>1267134
>implying Hannibal was black
I don't think he was depicted as black friend
>>1267140
he got you good dude
Draw a historical event in paint, everyone else has to guess what it is. Bonus points for drawing it on your phone.
>>1267085
Nero burns Rome.
For bonus points tell me the year
>>1267085
Trudeau burns Fort McMurray
What was surgery like in the ancient and middle ages?
Hippocrates was familiar with bandaging and bone-setting, possibly learning those directly or indirectly from Egyptian sources.
I've seen Hindus claiming their predecessors were performing surgerical operations in the Vedic period but I haven't verified this.
Orthopaedics, traumatology and dentistry are obviously the oldest fields. I've seen historians of medicine claiming that the earliest bone-setting procedures date all the way back to the Paleolithic.
As for the middle ages:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barber_surgeon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trepanning
Anaesthesia is a disturbingly recent practice, almost all surgery was very painful.
In order to become what it is now, surgery needed a lot of changes, the revolution begins with the 1700s, and by the 1800s it has become a proper university discipline.
Hospitals and higher medical and surgical education all change during those years into things resembling ours.
To answer the question more directly: it was scary, bloody, unhygienic, dangerous, lethal, and painful.
>>1267051
and not that infrequently, ineffective as a treatment to boot.
it would be extremely painful
Lmao this guy actually believes people didn't use fire arrows in the past. He thinks they were used to shoot at people, instead of at flammable objects / structures.
>>1266957
Do you have historical sources of them being used?
The closest I can think of is Julius Caesar's books on using "flaming darts", which is huge ballista missiles, and burning pigs.
Don't remember any actual arrows being fired from a bow ever mentioned.
so he believes that they didn't use them AND that they did use them?
>>1266957
Fire arrows were used for both purposes. They were not used commonly as they require a bit of prep.
