ITT: historical figures who did nothing wrong
Adolf Hitler.
>>1144706
>1 reply
Tell me about the Italian Empire, I know very little about it
> Italian
> Empire
Having 2 colonies doesn't count as Empire.
>>1144612
3 colonies actually.
>>1144612
Actually you could think of Unification Period italy as the Empire of Sardinia-Piedmont in some ways.
The Italian States - some of them at least- are quite independent that some of them were becoming national movements. Venice to name one.
What if God is intentionally making His existence ambiguous so He can laugh at the atheists who reject the reality of His existence due to this ambiguity?
what if God put the dinosaur bones in the ground to test our faith
What if God just doesn't care about the people who've never had the opportunity to know Jesus?
What if God were one of us
I just think this is cool. I mever stufied this side of the witch-hunt madness in school.
On the Italian peninsula, witch-hunters’ paranoia was by no means pervasive and the witch-trials that did occur were handled with extreme caution. As the center of the Renaissance, the Italian states flourished as the most economically, politically, and especially culturally advanced in Europe.[1] The caution and restraint of witch-trials can be credited to the intellectual framework of the Renaissance. The Renaissance undoubtedly impacted the understanding of witchcraft in the Italian states and while demonological works circulated throughout Italy, many Renaissance humanists published and spread counter-arguments, bringing back sources of antiquity and using reason to rebuke the existence of witches. Furthermore, during the Renaissance, members of all social classes in Italy accepted and glorified the individual’s ability to practice magic, giving many types of magic a positive connotation that by no means involved invoking demons or entering into a demonic pact. Because Italian cities were the center of these intellectual movements, the caution and restraint Italian authorities used when prosecuting witchcraft can be attributed to the Renaissance.
The Renaissance can be given much credit for the lack of convictions experienced in Italy. During the Renaissance, lasting from the late 1300s until 1600, Italy embraced a climate of cultural and social change as Renaissance thinkers brought back and relied upon the literary, scientific, and philosophical works of ancient Greece and Rome. [15] The Renaissance began in Florence and as it spread rapidly throughout the Italian city-states, humanism became the most defining intellectual movement. Humanism was based on the glorification of the individual and Renaissance thinkers shifted away from the collective conscious, centering the world on human beings. Based on the idea that humans are perfectly rational and the ultimate judges in all issues, humanism emphasized the potential of the human mind, ushering in an environment of questioning and learning that encouraged individuals to investigate and define the laws of nature and the physical world.[16] Renaissance scholars challenged the accepted intellectual views and approaches to philosophy, medicine, law and science of the Middle Ages and universities became hubs for innovative research in these fields.[17] While many Renaissance thinkers clashed with religious authorities, many prominent Church figures in Italy embraced the ideas of humanism and Church leaders of prosperous Italian cities grew more interested in politics than religion. Unlike other places in Europe where individuals were quick to accept the beliefs of the Church, this cultural shift towards the individual mind as the center of the universe empowered Italians to gain truths through looking inward, rather than turning to the Church. While Catholic religion remained important to every day life in Italy, the Renaissance in many ways ushered in a feeling of secularism through its glorification of intellectual achievement.
The intellectual innovations of the Renaissance certainly set Italy apart from other European nations and caused Italian cities to respond differently as ideas of the cumulative concept of witchcraft began to spread. Demonological sources spread the cumulative concept of witchcraft amongst the elites during the 1400s. While the Renaissance began in the fourteenth century, it truly took hold of the Italian city-states during the 1400s. Therefore, the cumulative concept of the witch and the demonic pact came to Italy at the height of the humanist intellectualism. In other areas of Europe, elites took the concept of the demonic pact as truth, however, Renaissance thinkers responded with criticisms and counter-arguments, often disproving the reality of witchcraft. During the 1400s, a large, diverse front of “theologians, philosophers, physicians, and jurists—many coming from Italian states—never ceased urging caution and voicing doubts, if not outright disbelief, in matters relating to witchcraft.”[18] Many intellectuals challenged the possibility of witchcraft relying on ancient theological texts. These skeptics argued that witchcraft, based on the demonic pact was virtually impossible based on the very nature of the Devil.
Lorenzo de’ Medici, asserted “that demons did not have any physical body, and therefore were unable to have any material contact with humans.”[20] Furthermore, these intellectuals believed that the devil had great delusory skills and made many women have visions or dreams that they were actually witches. Witches’ images occurred only because of their weak mind that was easily upset by the Devil’s powers.[21] Many of these skeptics relied upon ancient folk sources to show how these delusions were exactly like those of the old followers of Diana. [22] Through this reference, they undermined the reality of sabbat, describing it as a mere mental vision. In humanist fashion, many argued that based on his great, unwavering love of humankind, God would never “give the devil free reign so as to enable the witches to carry out such nefarious crimes.”[23] While many Italian Church authorities had steadfast beliefs in the threat of witchcraft or other types of bad magic that relied upon the powers of the Devil, they were challenged by this intellectual movement that considered the witches’ confessions harmless dreams.[24]
Why does it seem that through all my schooling up to and thru highschool is just the holocaust, racism, and the world wars
>>1143861
Because your school system is trash. By my senior year of high school I'd covered all of European and US history, and most of world history.
>>1143895
>covered most of world history in 4 years
lol ok sure
>>1143895
What can you tell me of Mesopotamia then?
Was American suburbanization unique in world history? It seems like both its supporters and its critics like to claim this.
Only because the burbs were preplanned. In Europe suburbs get created by a large city annexing neighboring villages.
racism and planned
yes it was part of a corporate plan to commercialize every aspect of the gringos existence
Why did ancient people draw so shitty? It couldn't possibly take that long for man to develop proper artistic technique.
>>1143700
People didn't understand how perspective worked.
They seemed to understand kayoken 8x pretty good
a lot of those old drawings were done by monks in old books, not professional painters
What events caused most of South America to have dictators in the 1900s? Was it class warfare?, was it corruption?, was it reactionism?
They wanted to go on a fun helicopter ride :^)
>>1143660
>What events caused most of South America to have dictators in the 1900s? Was it class warfare?, was it corruption?, was it reactionism?
It was the United States.
>>1143660
Dialectic necessicity
What does /his/ think the significance of Atenism was? Was it the first monotheistic religion? Did it go on to influence the abrahamic faiths or were the rulers in the post-amarna period able to wipe it out completely making abrahamic faiths an entirely separate religious tradition that developed independently?
I've always been fascinated by Atenism and always wondered what the average eqyptians reaction would've been to it.
>>1143519
bumpan with dank picutres of bronze age villages
>>1143519
>what the average eqyptians reaction would've been to it.
It was pretty unpopular because it was a "revolution from above" without any support from neither the priesthood nor the people since Akhenaten had temples be closed and basically tried to eradicate any other forms of worship
Also is Atenism really "pure" monotheism or just monolatry?
>>1143597
> Atenism really "pure" monotheism or just monolatry
It's hard to know for sure. Apparently during the end of his reign he banned even the use of the Sun or "Aten" as a symbol for Aten and used only the phonetic spelling so as to not re-enforce the idea that Aten was like the old egyptian gods but instead a universal presence.
We may never know though a lot of the original Atenist information was either destroyed or never existed.
This thread is to predict what will become of this world and how the future will look like. Will we find ourselves in a utopia or are we in the midst of a distopian future
Pain.
Technological singularity.
>>1143492
90% of these predictions will be Hollywood tropes trotted out and beaten to death for the 10 billionth time.
I swear to Allah (Swt)
I'll snap if another person compares the future to Elysium.
>in the Middle Ages it was widely accepted in Britain that Britons were the descendants of Troyan refugees, they sacked Rome sometime before Julius Caesar and Briton kings, refusing to pay tribute to Romans, first annexed Gaul and marched down to Italy
You can't make all this shit up
WE
>>1143447
WUZ
>>1143442
>were the descendants of Troyan refugees
but Romans also had that same story
>Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus after being raised by a she wolf
NO WAIT
>Rome was founded by Aeneis after he headed west following the fall of Troy
Well....which is it?!
>>1143326
this is very clearly explained in Livy's Early History of Rome
but I forgot how he explained it
>>1143334
Damn. I'm sure there is an explanation but I don't know it.
From what I've read Aeneis' ancestors reach down to Numitor who was the grandfather of Romulus and Remus....but then that doesn't explain how Rome was founded twice
Someone please tell me!
Are there any plausible pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact theories?
Or are they all conspiratard garbage?
>>1143256
Nice homework question.
Well, the Vikings are documented to have done it.
That's academically accepted fact.
It's probable that the Polynesians had contact with the peoples of South America. There is linguistic and genetic evidence to suggest this.
Other than that, it's mostly pseudoarchaeology
HELLO
>>1142940
Nice vest fag
AND
WELCOME
ITT:
>Post where you live/spent most of your life
>Post what people usually think of/what you think of when people there talk about "the war"
Bulgaria
Nothing really, maybe some old commies might think of WWII, the same way they refer to the USSR as "the Union"
Brazil.
Nothing at all. We haven't been in a war in eons. We got Paraguay pretty good back in the 1860s though. Fucking slaughtered them. Good times.
>>1142776
USA
Prob Afghanistan, unless in the deep south. Then maybe the Civil War. Ive never heard anyone really say "the war" abstractly
