Previous: >>145752258
LATEST NEWS-
>Persona 5 will be releasing September 15th in Japan; February 14th in North America; TBA in Europe
>Caligula will be released Spring 2017
>Persona 5 stream confirmed for July 19th
>PS4 exclusive Collector's Edition for Japan and NA
>Take Your Heart and Steelbook Editions for NA up for preorders at Gamestop and Amazon
>P5A: The Day Breakers to air in September 2016
>New Dengeki Playstation Magazine to feature P5 news June 23rd
>Winter of Rebirth releases on BD August 3rd, 2016
>20th anniversary concert to take place on August 13th, 2016
>Next Persona Magazine to release Summer 2016
>20th Anniversary FES to take place at 3331 Arts Chiyoda in December 2016
-SCANS-
archive.is/U8Ka0
archive.is/FaYLc
-INFO-
>P5 Info
pastebin.com/MJuR9h0S
-GUIDES-
>General Guide
pastebin.com/eCHRjKCZ
>PQ Guide
pastebin.com/Bq16HvJh
>P4U2 Guide/Resources
pastebin.com/M3MPepKb
-DOWNLOADS-
>Art, Guides, Music, etc.
pastebin.com/Vh0CdRit
>P4 Dengeki Comic Anthology
mediafire.com/?4kjjaf0jtw2jyj3
>Persona image collection
mediafire.com/?9j3us2v34coua
-MANGA-
>Scans
personascans.tumblr.com
mediafire.com/personascans#unst48ukbu457
pastebin.com/L3WXvsf3
Thanks for adding back /pg/ on the subject
what's even the point anymore
Im gay
Adachi did nothing wrong
I wish to marry Fuuka and to grow old and joyful with her
For the future most popular fujoshit pair!
>>145833415
Yes, their pair pleases me. Now all we need is confirmation that he is the "light" element user.
Will he be a better bro then Junpeior a complete faggot like Yosuke?
FeMC a cute!
>>145833648
Why do people make it seem like Junpei was a good "bro" character? I'd say he was the third worst bro character out of the 4 mainline Persona games.
You want him to strive for Eikichi tier, not third fucking place.
>>145833235
For John Hardin?
FOR LOVE!
FOR JUSTICE!
>>145833648
For starters him and Anne are actual friends and she'd casually put her arm on his shoulder.
Unlike Chie and Yosuke or Yukari and Junpei.
>>145834095
I thought this nigger died.
To the people what can distinguish Japanese VA:
Was it Ikeda that voiced the last line in PV4 about the plebeians and should be shut down?
>>145834253
He did for a few months then came back again somehow.
I hope they use real guns not an airsoft.
From the conversation with Munehisa, I think besides dealing with airsoft guns, he's also selling real firearms behind the doors. Ryuji somewhat convinces him to supply the group with real firearms for Palace exloration.
>yfw you need max charm and courage to date Goro
>>145834352
Murrica
>>145833043
>>145835207
>there will never be a scene where Potter gets molested in the train
>>145834928
>you must max his Cooperation in order to save his life and fuck him
>if not he'll betray and kill you
Atlus would
>>145835207
>Those nails
Disgusting
>>145835421
That's just evil, but I can see that happening.
>>145833595
>uses Light
>is Light
If he were also voiced by Miyano I'd call some cross-universe shenanigans
>>145834352
I think if it was real guns the rating wouldn't be cero C. Japan is really touchy about violence. A lot of Western games get a cero Z in Japan because of it.
>>145835207
Reminder: Tae is a fuckable cooperation.
>>145835802
>Fare gates don't have doors
IMMERSION RUINED
>>145833824
What else can you expect from 3-fags? They have to live in their delusions.
>>145835952
Really? It was that and not the hundred gray shadow #FE-tier NPC's that pop in and out everywhere and don't even have hitboxes?
>>145835207
>Getting caught checking your phone in class means the teacher throws an eraser at you so you gotta be stealthy
>>145835732
Isn't cero Z when the game show actual blood and gore?
Even though it has a real guns in it, as long as not showing bloody injuring effect of getting shot, I don't think the rating change.
>>145836098
No because people look faceless bodies all the time when you don't really pay attention to your surroundings.
Honestly the amount of attention to detail to everything is kind of amazing, even the amount of English you in the train station itself is pretty close to the amount you would see in Japan. I think the only thing missing is the "no selfies" signs.
I wonder if the train announcements will also be in English after the Japanese announcements.
>>145836336
>No because people look faceless bodies all the time when you don't really pay attention to your surroundings.
>Honestly the amount of attention to detail to everything is kind of amazing
>5 base random NPCs
>They don't even have hitboxes
>Fine
>amazing
>Attention to detail
>>145836483
I'm talking about the surroundings.
>>145835802
>>145836910
>Stop slutting about and get moving
Will Atlus reveal the year the game takes place in, or will it forever be a mystery?
>>145836910
I can't wait for the harem party all out victory posing
>>145837116
Mmmm armpits
What's the verdict /pg/, is his design good?
Personally, Iloveit.
I was wondering why he was wearing headphones on his hat like that (it adds a little color but looks goofy once you realize what they are), but then I realized they're probably the type of noise-cancelling headphones you use at a shooting range.
>>145837872
Munehisa looks like Junpei got a mentorship from Baofu.
>>145837872
Those are indeed sound protection mufflers. I even know the brand.
>>145837872
>skipping leg day
Would you hang out with your Persona, /pg/?
>>145837357
Seems like she knows how to give em a nice clean shave and stufF
>>145838263
Technically we're always hanging out with our Personas, anon.
>>145838263
Marsyas has been kind of gross since the whole Apollo deal but sure, why not
>>145838642
That's deep.
>>145838071
Neat, senpai. That's a good attention to detail.
I hope his Co-Op Link has a scene with him and Joker at a shooting range (if there's one in his shop/in the game at all).
Maybe even just him showing Joker and Ryuji how to aim and shoot a gun when they first come to buy from him.
He's a cool-looking dude; I'm glad he gets a C-Link. He's a good contribution to the previous Hanged Mans (/Men?)- a small child and a depressed brother.And Baofu and Chidori
That's a line-up I'd like to see.
Considering how quickly P4 came out after P3, do you think we'll see the same with P5 and P6?
>>145836910
Can you also make a webm of Phantom Baton Touching her please?
>>145839027
No.
P4 was a half assed rushed development that they created on the fly by their own admission. They went in thinking they were hot shit and knew how to make games and just did whatever they wanted.
P5 was them going back to basics and actually planning everything out from the start. They said they would never do a P4 style development again.
>>145839027
I'm sure of it. If they're making 170+ HD demon models, you know damn well they're going to use them again.
I imagine they've already got some ideas for P6 set in stone and might start actual work on it sometime next year.
>>145839027
You need to face reality, of course not.
>>145839027
Most likely since it seems the bulk of P5s development time was the new engine. It also depends on how much they want to milk P5 and considering this is the biggest thing they've ever done they probably will.
>>145839181
>They said they would never do a P4 style development again
Source?
>>145839191
It's going to be SMT5 anon and you know it.
>2017 release
I think about this every day and it makes me sad. How do I cope?
>>145839027
I wouldn't be surprised if P6 also took place in Tokyo so they can reuse some of the assets they have made. They have shown so many areas that are pretty large.
>>145839527
see
>>145839445
Your post actually makes a stronger case for SMTV considering they're always set in Tokyo.
>>145839527
Oh wait, no, SMT5 is going to reuse the Tokyo assets.
>>145839445
It's possible, but Persona and SMT are made by different teams without a lot of overlap at this point. They can work on both. We might even get a new age of SMT games, like Raidou and such.
Or they might just keep SMT on handhelds as is.
>>145839501
Play other video games you haven't beaten yet. Get a hobby. Adopt a cat. Learn to cook. Read a manga.
>>145839501
Imagine being from Europe and having to pre-order an import version and wait ages for it to arrive.
>>145839619
>SMT game
>on consoles
Nah, get ready for more handhelds.
>>145839678
You're forgetting that SMT:Nine and SMT3 assets were used for a decade in almost every console game they made.
They're also making traditional Kaneko demon designs instead of using the various 4/F redesigns on top of having a new engine that isn't some weird chibi super deformed stuff.
>>145839501
Mix bleach and ammonia, put yourself into a coma. Wake up in 8 months.
I only just now noticed Palladion is wearing the same dress as Aigis when she's first met on the beach.
Am I an idiot?
>>145839901
Indeed you are.
>>145839901
I didn't notice it either, but I'll call you one anyway so no one will notice.
>>145839901
Yes you are retarded you mouthbreathing braindead dumbass P4fag.
>>145839878
Right, but the reason SMT was moved to handhelds is because they don't seem to really sell well enough to justify big budget console releases. Persona does, evidently.
With that said, I'd love for an SMT V or Raidou III on PS4. I'm sure there's enough of a market for it now, especially with the PS4 selling pretty well.
>>145840080
>but the reason SMT was moved to handhelds is because they don't seem to really sell well enough to justify big budget console releases. Persona does, evidently.
It makes sense to justify your SMT by using Persona. All you need is one Persona game in Tokyo so you can churn out the Tokyo assets and have it be paid off by the Persona game.
>>145839619
>>145839613
Tokyo in SMT it's a post apocalyptic wasteland the P5 assets wouldn't fit well
>>145840192
It'd be really strange to outright reuse map assets from Persona 5. It's not like Persona 3 and 4 reused maps from Nocturne and DDS.
Also what >>145840431 said. It wouldn't fit.
>>145840489
They've never reused maps outright save for small hub sections. However they're making new models for Kaneko demons and have a working demon negotiation system in P5.
So in Persona 3, turn order is randomized with MC guaranteed to go first, right? Or am I missing something, because it doesn't look like Agility or anything else impacts it.
>>145840431
Honestly you just add some garbage bags on the ground and dirty up the place a bit and it would look like SMTIV's Tokyo assets just higher quality.
Like the actual tokyo bits indoor aren't super fucked up in SMT, its the outside world of Tokyo that is the most fucked up.
I wonder if they are going to have the Ginza underground mall in P5 with the fountain.
>>145840431
It's not that hard to just take those already built P5 assets and change them a bit for a post apocalyptic setting. The point is that P5 already did half the work and makes things easier for them. Also as the other guy said, P5 also already has a demon negotiation system which they could just use again.
>>145840489
The maps in P3/P4 were super small anyways. Look at the webm's above, the areas are pretty large and plentiful.
>>145835802
In this webm alone, There is:
Ginza Ticket Station
Shibuya Central district
Shibuya subway mall
Shibuya underground passway
Each with an area that looks larger than any area you could explore in P3/P4's map.Maybe the Ginza Ticket Station is smaller than a P3/P4 area, but its a ticket station.
>>145840879
>Honestly you just add some garbage bags on the ground and dirty up the place a bit
>>145841238
shadow negotiation anon... also SMT negotiation it's based on demons extorting you that was never a thing in the persona series and I highly doubt it will be now.
>>145841468
shut up Yukiko
>>145841504
Did you never piss off a demon in P1 and got charmed 50 times?
>>145842183
I wish I had a cat.
>>145842246
My cat flips the fuck out whenever anyone is near it and starts rolling on its back and purrs like mad starring at the person, if they slowly walk away the cat like shuffles on its back towards the person.
Fucking slut.
>>145842689
Did you have the cat spayed/neutered?
>>145839878
We don't know that they aren't using 4F/A redesigns. We'll know if Odin is a superhero or evil Buddha appear. We've only seen a few so and some like Mithra and Silky haven't had 3D models.
>>145842779
Go away Bob
>>145842836
Not my fault you're getting NTR'd by your own cat.
>>145842689
Wow, how did you even raise your cat to be such a whore?
>>145835732
>Japan gets to touch Fire Emblem characters on the face, but has the ending scene in Ground Zeros censored.
>America gets the uncensored Paz gore, but isnt allowed to pat anime girls on the head.
>>145839027
Hopefully not, P4 missed alot of things at release, that's why they released Golden. I have no idea how people can prefer the original. After playing Golden it's impossible for me to go back, original P4 feels unfinished.
On another note, could someone please post those magazine scans of the characters in their new thief outfits?
Goro will be either Temperance or Judgment.
/pg/ nooooo!
>>145845128
そんなに気になるのはいやです
俺は大丈夫ですよ、気にしないでください
>>145845302
素晴らしいチンチンもの
金玉の髪ある
それの音 サルボボ?
いいえ!忍者がいます
>>145845516
レッツファイチングラブ
>>145845302
>>145845516
I don't speak Chaiwanese
>>145840080
New Devil Summoner game set in modern times with massive re-use of P5 assets is something I could see happening. In fact, P5 already has Devil Summoner vibes so it would be somewhat easy to market to those P5 fans who liked the atmosphere.
>>145845618
大切な物をprotect my balls
>>145845618何で
マリーちゃんは日本人でしょ?
英語だけ話すなら、マリーちゃんと会話できないんでしょ
>>145845692
>There will never be a new Devil Summoner
>>145845886
And a nip nong bing bong to you, too
ORPHEUS
>>145847464
I like the way Aigis says "MOTHER HARLOT!"
>/pg/ is going to be either completely dead from september to february or filled with /v/eddit spoilers
who will I talk to then?
>>145847607
Me
MOTHER HARLOT
>>145847759
https://youtu.be/sUsdNYctOOE?t=2m18s
>>145847906
ISIS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sUsdNYctOOE&feature=youtu.be&t=209
>>145847906
This one is better
https://youtu.be/HSfJ-rKSw6Q
>>145848092
>>145847906
>>145848087
>Want to play the Answer again
>Don't want to grind
Yare Yare Dawa
>>145848092
>That ending
Dumbass Atlus USA, Aegis can't summon other peoples personas.
When this game comes out in japan, I'm staying away from 4chan until I beat the game. It's been too long since I had an unspoiled experience. Heck maybe I'll even become a happier normal fag and never need to come here again...
Farewell
>>145849597
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9XrL_F6tnT4
>>145837209
>Will Atlus reveal the year the game takes place in, or will it forever be a mystery?
It's shown to be in the year 20XX
XX is 20 in roman numerals
Therefore the year is 2020.
So we get another new P5 info at June 23 and July 19?
>>145844236
>Hopefully not, P4 missed alot of things at release, that's why they released Golden. I have no idea how people can prefer the original. After playing Golden it's impossible for me to go back, original P4 feels unfinished.
Pretty much every game is like that. Every game at launch has cut content or something they later decided they wanted to add. Hell, P3 did the same thing.
>>145839027
I would expect to see P6 out much quicker than P5 did because they have a basic structure out now to develop it from. Junmping a generation or two takes a lot of work since pretty much every asset needs to be created from scratch. Even if SMTV or P6 doesn't use the exact art assets of P5, it will still have a general gameplay and graphics engine to base everything off of.
>US getting the Europe dick now
Its not fair
>>145851263
No, if we were getting the Europe treatment, the US release date would be TBA with Atlus wondering if they would even bother to publish it. As it stands, this seems to be about typical Persona main numbered release treatment.
>>145850920
Did this guy do more Persona stuff?
His Rise is not as HNNNNNNGGGG as his Tifa but it's still pretty cute.
>>145851662
I don't think so. It's the only one I've seen. He mostly does Street Fighter. Which makes sense, given that he does a Street Fighter comic professionally.
>>145851787
>He's a professional
>Not just some shit fuck who does commissionsFuck
>>145851926
Why aren't you practicing to do a Persona comic professionally?
>>145852026
Sogabe was destined to do the Persona manga, not me.
>>145852171
It doesn't have to be the main manga. Do your own thing. I mean, fuck. Look at what Atlus allowed to happen.
>>145852278
>Shoot for some irrelevant spin-off instead of the main series
Yeah, next you'll tell me to play with your wifes son as well.
>>145852442
But the ultimax manga is the best persona spinoff
>>145852442
Look, we all have to start somewhere. First you do the irrelevant crap spin-off that no one likes but eventually you get to do the legitimately entertaining spin-off comic.
Possible Persona Evolution :
>Arsene Lupin -> A. J. Raffles, Flambeu, Fantomas, The Fiend with Twenty Faces.
>Captain Kidd -> Blackbeard, Black Bart (Bartholomew Roberts), Black Sam (Samuel Bellamy)
>Carmen -> Salome, Mata Hari
>Goemon -> Hattori Hanzo, Fuuma Kotaro, Sarutobi Sasuke, Nezumi Kozo.
>Zorro -> El Coyote, Don Quixote, Jesus Malverde, Pedro Urdemales, Joaquin Murrieta, Pancho Villa
>Necronomicon -> Liber Ivonis (Book of Eibon), Testament, Hermetica, Ars Goetia
>Johanna -> Joan of Arc, Jeanne de Clisson
>Milady de Winter -> Irene Adler, D'Artagnan, Jeanne de Valois-Saint-Remy
Akechi Goro's Persona candidate :
>Sherlock Holmes
>Inspector Ganimard
>Montmorency
>Monsieur Lecoq
>>145855352
>Arsene Lupin -> Different entity
You know it'll be Arsene Lupin de Magnifique or something.
>>145855352
Arsene Lupin -> Lupin III
Atlus will buy the rights. Because money is no object.
>>145855352
Hopefully their Burglar costume will also change if their Persona evolved.
>>145856552
This counts as advertising and falls under rule violation, right?
>>145856552
>>145856702
Yep.
>>145839678
I-I love Anne.
>>145857632
Do you? Or do you love the IDEA of Anne?
>>145857713
I LOVE ANNE
>>145856793
Ignoring Aigis isn't really a problem. She's worst girl.
Persona fans
pick your poison
1.) REGION LOCK
2.) THE GAME COSTS $80 IN US
3.) NO DUAL AUDIO
they listened to you and attempted to do region locking instead of dual audio with persona 4 arena but you guys bitched saying region locking is bad, so they're back to no dual audio
they don't want Nippon players to save $20 by importing the US version because Persona 5 will cost $80 in Japan.
Simple as that.
>>145857965
I'll take all three at once.
>>145857965
>US
Feels good when you live in Asia
>>145858292
What are you, Cambodian?
>>145858336
I hear the Phantom Thieves will have a holiday there.
am I the only one hyped for Persona 5?
>>145859337
Yes. You are /pg/.
>>145859337
Why would anyone here want a Persona game? Have you listened to us?
>>145859337
>Persona
I don't play that casual trash.
>>145859732
So, why are you here?
>he plays persona
>>145861640
I play Persona for theatmosphere
My persona 3 mandatory battle run is postponed until I can find a reliable way to livestream persona 3 FES.
persona 3 not being playable on ps4 is garbage.
>>145861928
>>145861928
http://www.bestbuy.com/site/elgato-game-capture-hd60-multi/7634008.p?id=1219285525278&skuId=7634008
It costs $180 but you can be back in your house and streaming in less than 4 hours
>>145861928
why are you so stupid?
>>145862139
yeah, but if persona 3 FES is literally the only game i need for that capture card, that would mean i'm spending $180 to stream persona 3.
Why is Persona 5 not on PC?
If Atlus released this, together with Persona 3 and Persona 4 Golden, on PC, their revenue would increase a million-fold.
Do Atlus hate money or what? They could have profited more by using Steam's potential and attract more people who are new to Persona series.
>>145862241
Does anybody want to see the Nyx Avatar boss I added to my game?
The only issue is it's level 95 content so i'd have to level you up to level 70 at the very least. Hmm.
I need to think of a way to ease the barrier of entry to my game and make it easier for new players.
>>145862302
Why does Persona lack a girl who exists entirely to make stupid innuendo jokes all the time? Even Rise doesn't do that.
>>145863484
Anne will be doing that
>>145863623
I don't believe you.
Haru on the other hand
>>145847906
I always loved how her "I need jer halp!" has Nanako's voice sneaking in.
>>145864697
I like to think of Aigis' Persona summoning lines as adult Nanako doing the same.
>>145859962
Don't blame him for hanging around here considering even /smtg/ has gotten bored of their games.
>>145839169
Sure I'll do it later
>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IUpOp5hIyr8
When will Yuri Lowenthal not sound like Yuri Lowenthal
>>145865263
Who is Yuri going to voice in P5?
jyb callouts > strassman callouts > yuri callouts
>>145865750
Actually it's
JYB = Laura > Strassman > Yuri
>>145865875
i've never done p3p so i wouldn't know
does it just sound like rise saying persona names?
>>145865518
Random NPCs/Random Collaboration link
>>145866001
Yes.It's adorable
>>145835802
>sunday clothing
>no dufflebag
>consequently no cat
that's weird but what it really means is that the things that you can do on sunday have to be 100% different from things you can do on weekdays because Morgana isn't there to coach you through it. It also means sunday dates will be 1 on 1 with no morgana to stop you from macking on girls.
>>145865263
https://youtu.be/q9Frc3gyunk?t=6m54s
>he literally can't
>>145866523
You might want to watch that again
He's wearing casual clothes and has a bag with him at 4 seconds in
>>145867150
Okay now I'm more confused than I've ever been.
http://persona-h.blogspot.de/
Persona 6 news when
>>145867425
>no updates for six months
>last update was "we're totally still working on it, don't worry"
ded.
>>145867456
March 2017
We'll see a video with a line of books, with the line "Persona 6, coming Summer 2019"
>>145867425
>>145867634
No Flash Aigis Hentai with Artificial pussy
>>145867238
It is kind of odd. He doesn't have a bag when he gets off the train but for some reason he has a bag in the next scene.
>>145867802
Don't lie Rise. That's definitely something of your calibre.
>>145868038
PETYOURMORGANA
>>145867963
Fucking magic. Same way IT hid swords, guns, chairs, and scooters under their school uniforms.
>>145868174
MORGANA
IS NOT
A CAT
>>145868262
WHO
CARES
I
WILL
PET
IT
CAT
HUMAN MALE
OR
HUMAN FEMALE
>>145868174
>Lift your cat off the ground five times
>Feed it a luxurious meal
>It loses weight
>>145868174
NEKO JA NAI
>>145868367
I want a job in Persona 5 where you pick scorpions up off the ground.
>>145868760
>As Aigis caught her breath
>breath
Stopped reading right there.
>>145868760
>>145868760
Go on.
>>145868702
The key is respect. Respect, a blanket and a pimp hand.
>>145868760
>As Aigis caught her breath
>>145869038
Damn, those snakes know their place. One fuck up and that guy is going to get a snake revolution up his ass.
https://soundcloud.com/eathsong17/makoto-yukis-united-states-of-what-a-shame
>>145868760
writing is not your talent.
>>145868760
why?
don't open the picture
>>145850770
They are going to reveal all the cooperations.
>>145871145
Thanks hardin.
>>145868760
I can tell English isn't your first language
>>145871145
Delet this
i want to fuck the girls in this game!2?
>>145871965
>>145871965
Is that a question?
>>145871965
No, you don't.
Recarm!
>>145871965
I already did
Be Just or Be Dead
>>145872470
It's a nice picture.
>>145872839
i want her to give me a violent handjob
>>145873083
What type of doujin does Futaba sell at Comiket?
>>145873818
SMELLY
>>145873818
Futa, belly stuffing and breast expansion/lactation. She's all about changes.
>>145873910
Doujin aren't typically smelly. Except maybe the used ones.
rip nyarlko
>>145874292
RIP Shinjiro
i want to cum on aigis
i want to cum in aigis
>>145876574
i want to cum on you ;)
I haven't seen Saturdays this dead before.
>>145853450
>>145852278
Post more Arena edits.
Not the edgy P3 ones, the actually funny arena ones.
>>145876968
We have little left to discuss until September/February. Let /pg/ go.
I can't wait for Chuchutrain HD model
who /working on their backlog/ here?
>>145833648
Junpei was never your bro.
He tried to be at the beginning but quickly grew jealous of you until the very end, even if he apologized that doesn't mean he wanted to be your best friend forever.
He also had legit "bros" through the game, like Kenji and Ryoji.
>>145836282
Don't kid yourself, you'll have an option to check the phone or not and being hit by the chalk as nothing to do with it. It'll probably be used if you take too many naps during class.
>>145877323
It will be the best.
>>145835207
>Mission Start
Is that for going to Palace?
>>145877492
>even if he apologized that doesn't mean he wanted to be your best friend forever
But that's exactly what he tells MC in January fag
I agree he isn't best bro for the entire game, but he shapes up towards the end. Best is Eikichi.
>>145835207
Morgana is going to be so great.
Maybe Atlus will finally put a bullet between Teddies eyes
Wake up
>>145880797
Get up
>>145880797
I thought we were supposed to reach out
>>145881041
you'll get your hand bitten off if you reach out
whoever told you that was an idiot
>>145876574
>>145876827
>>145876938
I'll keep coming.
So, Ultimax 2.0 never?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RUqivXMlpcQ
>>145885428
Kanji is lewd.
>>145878490
They better. Teddue was always shit, Morgana is cute and has a better design.
