![VjZC5g_z_400x400[1].jpg](https://i.imgur.com/yPsboSm.jpg "VjZC5g_z_400x400[1].jpg")
There is no individual in the industry right now with more love, understanding, and respect for video games than this man.
Have you ever made a game?
>>247885790
>fags getting BTFO
10/10 E3
This is how you're supposed to treat mascots
![illust-modal[1].jpg](https://i.imgur.com/iRsss16.jpg "illust-modal[1].jpg")
>>247886630makes me wish Sonic wasn't so shit though
>>247886810
It's just Sakurai's way of showing the rivalry never died.
>>247886810
He seems better now
I don't know who that is..
>>247885790
I wish we got to see this happen live.
>Guy tells Sakurai he loves his games and they inspired him to become a video game developer
>Sakurai tells him good luck and encourage him
>Guy wants to balance Smash in place of Sakura
>"Have you ever made a game"
>>247886630
>All those characters in their original designs.
Beautiful. Respect for their roots.
>>247885661
He wants all games to be casual so so no one's fee-fees are hurts.
He doesn't deserve all the reverence he's found himself with, much like Gabe from a few years back. Pretty soon the sakurai circlejerk will find itself on reddit and then you'll all realize you're worshiping a person of dubious talent.
>>247885790
When did this happen?
>>247886630
Inb4 SJW yell at how the princess is enclosed in the ghost house to be saved.
>>247887703
happened closed doors in nintendo roundtable.
>>247887703
After the Pac-man reveal
>>247887703
One of the autistics from the smash invitational was at the round table last night and basically told sakurai that he should be in charge of balance.
>>247885790
Do you know what would be the funniest thing?
Is if he asked that to the Project M devs.
Shit would hit the fan all over the damn place.
>>247887643
Super Smash Brothers was always a casual game.
>>247887775
STOP OPPRESSING US SAMURAI
HAVE YOU EVER MADE A GAME?
SSMB "PRO" GOT FUKING REKT
>>247885661
>some few years after brawl release
>mained ike
>he becomes my one and only main for serious matches
>gee I wished they update ike for the new smash
>it would be awesome to see buff ike, like the one in the last game
>few years past, and I was doubting he was getting in.
>fast forward a few weeks ago
>sakurai gave me exactly what I wanted.
Thank you sakurai
Words cannot describe how much of a great director you are.
>>247887643
>He wants all games to be casual so so no one's fee-fees are hurts.
Have you played any of his games since Super Star Saga? His shit is easy to beat, hard to 100%.
He wants games to be accessible to anyone, but hard and enough content for the hardcore gamer
>>247887775
Enclose? To be saved?
The house is the ghost's safe place where Pac-man cannot enter. He is not holding her prisoner. He is being invaded. Look at his eyes. He's scared shitless.
>>247887643
>want your games to be enjoyed by everyone and appreciated for what they are, not what they aren't
Crime of the century.
>>247887643
The problem I have with all these cults of personality is that video-games are a collective art-form. For a modern game, there are hundreds of people who work on it (though not all of them stay for 100% of the development). But you have directors like Ken Levine who go about talking how it was "their vision", when they likely aren't even the people who worked the hardest on the project.
Reminder that Sakurai is the Phil Fish of Japan.
>>247888058
We know most idiots here barely touch a smartphone game.
>>247887775
>>247887968
I don't understand why /v/ brings up SJW when there's absolutely no need to. It's like you're dialectically compelled to
>>247887885
Huh. Any other details?
Ugh.
What about the people making No Man's Sky? Those guys are torturing themselves to make something actually NEW and innovative.
It doesn't take a passionate man to pander to idio-err, fanboys.
>>247888220
And Phil Fish is Canada's Lightning.
>>247887890
>have you ever made a game
>yes, in fact I made project m
>(crowd cheers while sakurai laughs his ass off)
>what's so funny
>your inability to move on
>>247885661
>Wants to make casual games
>First game not casual enough
>Throw in moving stages and more items
>Skill ceiling is ridiculously high on accident in second installment
>Fans praise him because its one of if not the best title on Gamecube
>Dedicates his time to destroying what made the first two games amazing
>Continues on to make the 4th a clone of the 3rd because no hurt feelings and fun time with no competition
Whoever said party games weren't allowed to be competitive and skilled based. Have we never played beer pong? The Skill ceiling is high as fuck, it's not fucking flip cup or quarters. I'm starting to believe that people who keep saying it's a party game haven't been to a party because all games require skill and have drinking consequences that results in casuals getting wasted.
>>247888271
Basically he challenged Sakurai to a match of Smash and said if he win he wanted to be allowed to help balance the game. Sakurai asked him if he ever made a game, entire room started laughing.
>>247888316
Go make a thread about No Man's Sky, don't bring console wars here.
That said, what is new and innovative about No Man's Sky? Do we even know much about it? I was at work so I missed Sony's direct and have been playing too much Devil May Cry to go watch it.
>>247888423
Oh my god that shit would be almost as much of a Kodak moment as the Invitational Tourney.
>>247885790
>Hey, this food doesn't taste very good
>Have you ever made lasagna?
>understanding of video games
>working for Nintendo making games for the WiiU
He understands suicide.
>>247888469
>clone of the 3rd
Retards need to stop throwing this shit around. 4 is more like 64 than brawl
>>247888423
>people like game
>people continue to support game
>people wonder why next game doesn't include some of the features of the first
>people mod said game to include those features
>/v/ suddenly explodes in rage
>>247888635
The guy didn't tell him the food was bad. He told him he can cook better.
>>247888316
Start making threads about them.
>>247888707
That remains to be seen or played. I only played for 20 minutes today, but it seemed like Brawl to me. I played Brawl last night, so I should know.
>>247887890
They didn't make a game. They edited an already existing game. They didn't have to start from scratch.
>>247887552
>tfw I had the same experiences with Kirby Superstar
>>247888469
Melee is for casuals that can't play an actual fighting game.
>>247887775
Could we not volunteer the SJW subject at every fucking opportunity? How about we let them complain first, THEN throw a shitfit? If we did, we'd be discussing SJW's a hell of a lot less.
Just Sakurai being based as usual.
>>247889445
stop drawing attention to it, you idiot
>>247889201
>A lot of people who play various Marvel, Street Fighter, MK, GG, Tekken, Soul, etc etc also play Smash
>A lot of them have complained about the casualization of smash over the recent installments
Party Game =! casual
>>247889027
So? For all intents and purposes they did start from scratch.
Do you think it was easy to recreate the assembly for Brawl without any access to the SDK? And for it to work without any modifications to the ROM itself?
It's like saying Duke Nukem 3D and Chex Quest aren't games because they run off of the Doom engine.
>>247889625
>intents and purposes
it's intensive purposes you ass
>>247889553
There's a difference between discussing it and calling him a fucking idiot.
>>247888206
Sakurai has always known to be very hands on with all of his projects. He takes on huge tasks all by himself to make sure it gets done right. Kojima does things like this, too.
>>247888721
>wavedashing
>feature
>>247888316
I can appreciate No Man's Sky. I don't think it's something "new and innovative", but these guys have a passion and a vision and they're making it happen. Respect.
I wonder how hot Sakurai is when he's humiliating you
>>247889703
I know it's a doggy dog world, but lay off him.
>>247889703
not that guy, but
http://public.wsu.edu/~brians/errors/intensive.html
technically "intents"
>>247890123
>implying I'm talking about wavedashing
>>247889625
>It's like saying Duke Nukem 3D and Chex Quest aren't games because they run off of the Doom engine.
Legit point. That makes me wonder, though. When does an edit/mod/hack of a game become its own full-fledged game? What are the deciding factors?
Smash started as a Nintendo All-Stars game that soon became a celebration of Nintendo with Melee.
Smash 4 is becoming a celebration of video games.
>>247888553
>tourneyfags
everytime
>>247889625
Duke 3D runs off the Build Engine you fucking ignorant twat
>>247891017
Well, I say it becomes it's own game when completely new entities are injected that have a massive impact on the game.
Like characters.
Do you think Sakurai gave him the evil eye?
>>247891349
Does Project M add enough characters to merit being called its own game? How many characters are enough? Does editing already existing characters count as new characters?
>>247890393
He's joking. But you're a diamond dozen, anon.
>>247891114
also, we are not there so we don't really know how are those words really coming out
like he was saying it jokingly or the translator just being dumb about it
but one of the thing is in japnese culture, what the tourneyfag did is extremely unpolite and fucking rude so i wouldn't surprise if sakurai just snapped at him
Samurai is shit. Kamiya, Mikami, Miyamoto, Kojimer, Itagaki are all far superior, and that's just to name a few.
>>247891715
To create something almost completely from scratch is what gives it that certification.
There was no other character like Mewtwo, and to add him with such detail solidified it's position as a different entity.
I really love how that is the perspective Samurai is going with. He seems like a really chill guy from the roundtable and invitational. I don't think he knew how fucking hype we were to see that game. When He walked on the stage people were chanting his name and Reggie said he had a huge grin on his face the entire tournament
>>247891715
not to mention they are using existing assets of nintendo
i mean its ok if they call it a mod, but a full fledged game? no fucking way
Someone requested this in another thread.
Seems appropriate.
>mfw competitive PM players and excited as fuck for this game
Sometimes I wish more tournament players (not just Smash but most games in general) knew how to have fun instead of just caring about advanced techs and shit. I couldn't care less if it's a bit more casual, at least it has new content and is a new game, I'll enjoy tournaments of it even if it doesn't have advanced techniques and is a little slower. The most important element of the game, spacing, is still there. I'll miss Waddle Dashing tough.
>>247891519
He probably made this face
>>247889483
>>247886630
>Mario from SMB
>not Jump Man
Is Sakurai implying they are different characters?NIGGA IS THIS SOME LORE?
>not toadyone
OP is a bitch nigga.
>>247888553
That guy was a prick, but
>Sakurai in charge of balance
Thats why meta knight exists, he clearly needs help.
which daughter would you fuq
>>247892184
>not just the thumbs up
>>247892184
Sakurai is one of my favorite devs after this e3.
>His face when he walked out on the stage and everyone went apeshit
>Reggie told everyone Samurai had a grin through the entire tourney
>Pic of the days have character and personality in them
>A dev in 2014 knows how to have fun while making one of the most anticipated games this year
>>247890123
>I'm a scrub who thinks the only thing people liked about melee is wavedashing
are you that stupid and ignorent?
>>247892582
>that tit/lips/vagina argument
oh man
>>247888553
So Sakurai is no better than Twilight fans who say WELL HAVE YOU WRITTEN A BEST-SELLING NOVEL? Why does /v/ revere him?
>>247892582
Sakurai every time.
ugh, Reggie's daughter looks like Reggie in a wig
>>247892316
>JUMPMAN
>JUMP MAN
>MAN JUMP
>MAN JU MP
>MA JA MT
>MO ZA RT
>MOZART
>>247892642
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1wnnv5zySAk
I wonder how he felt
>>247892582
Sakamoto has the cutest daughter, but I don't want Sakamoto as my step-father, I'll go with Sakurai's daughter.
>>247893052
>Donkey Kong is actually the history of Mozart when he escaped from Nintendo and lived a secret life in NY with a GF and a gorilla pet
>Mario was created to cover everything
>>247888981
i had the smash tournament one a tv, and next to that tv i had another tv where my friends were playing brawl. the difference was VERY noticable- charactrs moved faster, were less floaty (except characters like Rosalina, but she was meant to be that way), and were easier to kill. look at it for yourself, you know its true.
>>247887527
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Kb_qCZGU1Y#t=2882
Here ya go.
>>247885790
>there is no footage of this
>>247893958
Oh fuck me, time?
>>247885661
All this gayness for this guy has got to stop.
>>247892582
The only real one in the pic AKA Miyamoto's
>>247891978
So if I were to edit a Pokémon game, and change a handful of Pokémon to my own original creations, and tweak a few other things, would that make it its own game? I wouldn't think so. Does the difference between Project M and my example lie in the amount of effort put into the mod?
>>247891349
>becomes it's own game when new characters are added
granted I know what you mean that the characters do have an impact, but it doesn't make it a different game
it may play better, but it's just changing what already was
>>247894115
48:00
>>247893958
It's even better than I imagined.
>>247894115
48ish
>Smash still has the fucking input buffer
I love your games Sakurai but this is fucking inexcusable.
>>247888423
>made a game
>project m
mod =/= game
>>247888423
I wish that happened, that would have been fucking beautiful.
>>247893191
http://youtu.be/AK8En6dIdAg?t=12m6s Sakurai is so blown away by the hype
Imagine if Motomu Toriyama said that, you'd be entitled to kill him.
>>247894163
She's not his daughter, shiggy is attending the wedding of one of the guys who worked on starfox
>>247893958
SMASH FAGS GETTING BTFO
>>247888058
Isn't that exactly what Melee was, yet he seems to have great disdain for what that game became.
>>247893958
>48:00
Based Sakurai
Comp Smash, announcer, organizer getting
BTFO
T
F
O
>>247887643
bet you don't even move the difficulty slider in uprising up.
>>247888707
I'm pretty sure the opinion of players who Smash is a huge part of their lives and have actually played the game count for more than some random person posting on 4chan.
>>247892802
>First thought for response
>Twilight
CAPCHA: orgong blocking
>>247892582
I didn't know any of them had kids outside of Reggie and damn Sakurai's daighter looks almost as good as he does
>>247895290
>PM is faster, has better ledge mechanics, L-cancelling, wavedashing, more hitstun, combos, better airdodge mechanic
>Smash 4 has best girl
Smash 4 wins
>>247894807
I'm worried about the rockstar treatment he is getting.
what about the intelligent systems people
>>247888721
Don't take this place too seriously.
>>247895892
Worried why? That it might go to his head?
Ok, did he actually ever say "have you ever made a game" or was that just something from the translator and not an accurate representation of what he said
remember when on the smash dojo sakurai said some shit about items and the translator changed it to "real men use items" or some goddamn fucking stupidass bullshit that wasnt what sakurai motherfucking said
>>247885661
>Wasting slots on pandering
>makes excuses about what can/can't be character, instead of should/shouldn't
>can't balance for shit
At least he told Melee/tourneyfags to basically fuck off for two games in a row.
>>247893983
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Kb_qCZGU1Y
At least you can listen to it.
>>247889623
>muh exploits
Tourneyfags != respected
He spent 2 years balancing brawl and it still turned out to be an unbalanced mess, on top of all of the other problems brawl had.
Call me a tourneyfag if you want to make yourself feel better, but this Sakurai cult is sickening. Remember that this guy once thought that tripping was an acceptable game mechanic.
>>247896158
Exactly. No man is infallible.
>>247892642
>>His face when he walked out on the stage and everyone went apeshit
anyone got a clip of this?
>>247896613
>never respect anyone who has made a mistake
>>247896687
His failings are not pride, though. I don't think we have to worry about Sakurai rolling up covered in gold chains going I'MU KINGU OF SMASH, BITCHEZU
>>247886810
>>247887273
what would make this game seem really perfect for me is if they addedknuckles
Then why did he use the Other M design and stage?
>>247896840
http://youtu.be/AK8En6dIdAg?t=12m6s
>>247896613
I've never even been to a tournament, but the man is going out of his way to dumb shit down and yet /v/ still acts like they can't take his dick deep enough.
>>247896613
>Can't balance the game properly himself, ask help from Namco who are used to balance multiplayer games
>Realize tripping is a bad mechanic, remove it in the next game
I'll sooner trust a man who fix his mistakes than someone who thinks he's perfect
>>247897106
thanks
>>247888635
More like
>I'll challenge you to an eating contest and if I win I'll help you make the lasagne
>have you ever made lasagne?
>>247895253
he made a party game that autists treated like a serious fighter. he took out the tourneyfag shit and people bitched instead of just having a good time
>>247889625
they didn't start from scratch and you're a complete retard for thinking recreating the assembly as anywhere near the amount of work
>>247888220
Then who is Kamiya?
>>247893958
BASED
>1v1 me so I can make your game better
Seriously what an arrogant little shit.
>>247897917
Anon, smash is a serious business fighters. about the tourneyfags i agree.
>>247896845
Feel free to respect him. I'm just sick of the worship that this guy gets when he has made several design blunders in the past. Yes, including Melee. I don't need to make games to know that tripping is a bad mechanic, or that L-cancelling is a needless technical hurdle if you want to move faster in 64 or melee.
>>247897309
Yeah, it only took him 4 Smash games to realize that he needs help balancing it. If he was literally any other developer, /v/ would be laughing at him right now.
The guy that asked that question was a dumbass, though. What kind of a response would you expect from a prideful Japanese developer that hates tourneyfags?
>>247892584
Sakurai: "Yeah sure buddy, you go big guy!"
>>247892184
Way to go to put his face from nice guy to i hate your fucking guts and i hope you die.
>>247897106
>2 hrs.
Oh hell no!. This is as cringeworthy to watch for tha autistic audience but has some some funny moments.
>>247897917
people bitched because brawl has some major issues.
I can understand him wanting to take things like L-cancelling and Wavedashing out to make the game more accessible but the balance issues, retarded physics, lack of hitstun and wildly varying character balanceRIP Ganonand all sorts of other retarded shit like the Laser Lock made the game much worse than Melee.
>>247892349
toady's cool and all but he is about as far removed from the games industry as it's possible to get while making a game
>>247898542
>Yeah, it only took him 4 Smash games to realize that he needs help balancing it.
Most fighting games take way more than that
>>247896207
learn japanese and watch the video some anon posted above and let us know
>>247893005
That maiden looks nothing of the sort like Patricia Hernandez.
>>247893958
That guy was really rude and arrogant.
>>247895012
how can one picture be so unflattering
>>247900835
White people ruin everything
>>247899612
It's hard to make out what Sakurai's saying. I'm hearing:
>____??????????????
Assuming the part I can't make out is some term for "video game", I'd translate what he's saying as:
>You're not making games, right?
someone post a picture of scarflard. My friend want's to see him.
>>247902918
Just google Zero and Smash competitive scene or something shit
>>247900765
The guy posted on Smashboards that he asked "in good fun" and that Sakurai responded in the same way.
But I wouldn't expect Sakurai to get visibly angry even if he were deeply offended, so I don't think that tells us much.
>>247904910
Sakurai was talking for like 20 seconds too, and translator-san only said "Have you ever made a game"
>>247906049
He then continues to go on about the size of the team and such
>>247906448
Oh did he? After everyone stopped clapping he was talking again and I didn't think translator-san was going to say anything more from that comment
>>247896447
when does it happen?
>>247906049
No, you're probably hearing what the translator was saying to Sakurai. Sakurai only said that one sentence at first, though >>247906448 is right about how he continues afterwards.
Would have been better if Sakurai actually accepted the guy's challenge and beat him.
>>247893958
FUCKING BODIED
BASED SAKURAI NO WONDER HE DISLIKES YOU "Pro" SMASH PLAYERS SO MUCH
>>247885661
uh, no
his obsession with shitting on tourneyfags resulted in a shitter, casualized game for everyone
>I made many fighting games and I always let my fans balance them right for me
>Who are you to call me out?
That's like saying Ono knows more about SF than Daigo, horseshit.
How do we boycott Smash 4 and get Sakurai fired?
>>247885790
He says "Have you ever created a game?" How could everyone possibly get this wrong.
And that fucking autist was a fucking dick.
I agree.
>>247896613
Random events such as tripping, in my opinion, is what can help determine who is a truly good player and who is a bad one. Your ability to react to unexpected, random situations carries much more weight in my eyes than you working your way around the meta game.
This is a reason, albeit a small one but a reason nonetheless, why dota 2 is overwhelmingly considered a harder, better game than league of legends. With every patch Riot removes more and more RNG elements to the game where RNG is embedded in the framework of dota 2.
The Pac-Man reveal trailer legit made me choke up and tear a little. I didn't even care if Pac-Man was in or not, but that was the most perfect way to give Pac-Man and Namco the respect they deserve in regards to the influence and impact on the history of video games that they have made. It reminded me of why I enjoy video games so much.
>>247909460
I see where you're coming from, but please don't defend tripping
>>247909460
Randomness adds variance, which is the exact opposite of skill-testing. Good players learn to deal with pseudo-randomness better than bad players, but the more random something is, the less room there is for skill.
It would be one thing if tripping were more likely under certain circumstances. Then good players could learn to avoid those circumstances, force opponents into them, etc. But when everybody has a set chance to trip, all the time, all it does is make air movement slightly better relative to ground movement, and randomly screw people over from time to time. There are better, more fun ways to add randomness than that.
>>247885661
Sakurai is the Michael Jackson of video games. He has embraced a shallow image of being a "based" rockstar, but I bet he has some nasty secrets.
>>247910597
Tripping is meant to help casual players. It hurts good players. The trade off is that casual players won't abandon the game so quickly and still have some chance to win a game versus a good player. That is the nature of the beast, and Sakurai has chosen to give casual that chance through tripping. Hes wrong, but just remember all those anime airdash fighters that are determined by good players running combo videos on people.
>>247898542
There have been 4 versions of Street Fighter 4 alone.
>>247911565
Like I said, there are better ways to add randomness. Randomly screwing players over from time to time isn't fun for anyone. It's a "feel-bad" mechanic that just subtracts from the total fun everyone is having.
Randomly giving players something awesome is much better. If only there were some mechanic like that for Smash Bros... some kind of object that would appear at random and let you do cool things... nah.
>>247911746
And? Your point?
>>247885661
>this is what sakushills really believe
i'm not a tourneyfag, but even the hacks at Sonic Team can make better games than he ever will
>>247893958
What a guy
Why is Sakurai so based /v/ ?
>>247914804
>Any game Sonic Team has ever made
>Better than Kirby's Air Ride
>>247908809
Yeah, but regardless, the idea that you must create before critique means like... 99% of all things are baseless. Unless you are the sole manufacturer or involved directly in manufacturing OF THAT SINGLE PRODUCT, you can't say a word about any product on the planet.
>>247915727
All of the 2D Sonic games with the exception of Advance 3 are better games than Air Ride, tbh
>>247916030
Nah
>>247908809
Not from the first source we heard it.
>>247918946
proove me wrong big boy
>>247885661
I don't even know who this guy is, he can eat a turd sandwich if he's from nintendo, though.
The only decent games ever made for a nintendo console were on the super nintendo.
Zelda is meh, but playable.
>>247885661
This reverse-aging mother fucker gets it
>>247888058
>His shit is easy to beat, hard to 100%.
Not that guy, but fuckoff with this. It's the same excuse kirby fags used for their game
>you can't die, it's mega easy, BUT IT MIGHT BE SLIGHTLY CHALLENGING TO COLLECT THESE MEANINGLESS OPTIONAL ITEMS
You can go suck a dick.
A game is about completing it, not some mindless collectionfest. Any challenge should lie within the main game, the objective of a game is to overcome challenges to finish it. If you're terrible at it, you shouldn't be able to finish it, period.
You're literally defending a novel or a movie, which has their entire fucking plot and anything requiring a brain in an optional second movie so that the main thing is more 'accessible'.
Newsflash, accessibility is a negative term. Wider audience, modern take, anything to do with newcomers, attract more fans, anything to do with 'don't have to have played previous games' - these are all negative things for gaming and you're a mongoloid if you think otherwise anon.
>>247893005
>implying this is a bad thing
>>247920054
What defines the "main game"?
>>247886810Archie sonic > Sega sonic
>>247920054
Why don't youjust not play the games then?fuck off.
>>247885661
>There is no individual in the industry right now with more love, understanding, and respect for video games than this man.
>continues to pump out the same casual rehash every few years
>>247893958
SHUT THE
FUCK
DOWN
>>247885790
Why are people taking it as an insult? If you want to work on a big game like Smash Bros., you need to have experience in developing a game.
>>247921689
>implying Air Ride is like any other Kirby game
>implying Meteos is like any other puzzle game
>implying Uprising is like any other Kid Icarus game
Sakurai hates rehashes, it's the main reason he left HAL (because he kept making Kirby games). And even each Smash game plays differently (to the dismay of Meleefags).
>>247921918
Because that guy was a faggot and Sakurai don't take shit from nobody. It wasn't an insult, it was based Sakurai putting asspained tourneyfags in their place.
http://pastebin.com/n7vQTQWb
Some guy on Reddit made a post comparing the Melee fanbase to the CS1.6 fanbase and how if they don't move on the scene will die altogether.
>>247922410
Honestly, who cares if the scene dies, if I'm forced to play a shitty game to keep it alive. Melee survived brawl, and now there's Project M that has more characters/matchups/stages if the people that play melee ever really do become bored of it.
>>247922191
But the new game is literally a copypasta of Brawl in terms of restrictions on the player. If I wanted Brawl I'd just play it. The new game is thus far offering nothing in terms of varied gameplay or mechanical changes. Most of the dev time seems to be focused on balancing the customized movesets than on fine tuning character control.
